Sin and Iniquity

What is the difference between sin and iniquity?


The words, sin and iniquity, are found together in some form in about 70 verses in the Bible. Many times they are used parallel to one another, as in Psalm 38:18
- "For I will declare mine iniquity; I will be sorry for my sin." Although we can be certain that they are synonyms and have the same basic meaning, there must also be something that distinguishes them. Let us consider these two words.

The word, sin, is the most general term for those actions which are wrong. One word picture looks at sin as missing the mark. If we think of this in the terms of an archer shooting for a bull's eye in a target, this may give us a good idea of the meaning of sin. He may overshoot the target. We do that when we go beyond God's allowed actions and commit what are commonly called sins of commission. That is, we do something we are not supposed to do. However, the arrow may also fall short of the mark. This would be a picture of sins of omission. This refers to the things we should have done but fail to do. The arrow might even go to the right or to the left of the target, but we are to follow God's word without turning from it to the right hand or the left hand (Joshua 1:7
). Therefore, anything that comes short of the perfect glory of God (the center of the target) is sin (Romans 3:23
). Sin covers all wrong doing of any sort.

In many places, iniquity also seems to be a word dealing with all kinds of sin. However, with iniquity, there is a difference. First of all, whereas sin deals with the action or lack of action that is wrong, iniquity deals more with the character or nature of the act. The word, iniquity, comes from in-equity and it refers to that which is unequal, unfair, or unjust. That explains why David in Psalm 32:5
refers to "the iniquity of my sin." His sinful actions had the character of iniquity; of being unequal.

According to "Crabb's Synonyms," iniquity in its more narrow meaning "consists of violating the law of right between man and man." The Oxford English Dictionary says that it is used especially of "wrongful or injurious actions towards another, infliction of wrong, injury." To practice iniquity is to be unjust and unequal in our dealings with others. We see this side of iniquity often in scripture. The workers of iniquity are those who eat up God's people like bread (Psalm 14:4
), speak peace when mischief is in their hearts (Psalm 28:3
), and lay snares for the saints (Psalm 141:9
) The money Judas received for betraying Jesus is called "the reward of iniquity" (Acts 1:18
).

On the other hand, God is "a God of truth and without iniquity, just and right is he" (Deuteronomy 32:4
). Here, iniquity is contrasted with being just and right. We are also told that "there is no iniquity with the LORD our God, nor respect of persons, nor taking of gifts" (2 Chronicles 19:7
). To show respect of persons in judgment would be unequal; so would accepting gifts as bribes. There is no iniquity with God.

Yet, although the initial emphasis of the meaning of iniquity was between man and man, we are also unequal with God. We do not return unto Him as He has done unto us. Isaiah 65:7
calls the burning of incense to false gods and blasphemies against God iniquity. We commit iniquity against God when we turn from Him to serve lesser gods. We do not treat Him right or justly when we fail to be obedient to Him. Herein lies the reason that iniquity in the Bible is so often used in a way that evidently refers to all kinds of sin. When we get right down to it, all sinful actions either treat others unjustly or they treat God unjustly. We need to come to recognize the iniquity of our sin (Psalm 32:5
).

In summary, iniquity refers to that which is un-equal in our dealings with others. In earlier English, it was especially used to refer to our unequal dealings with other men. However, with time in came to include our unequal dealings with God and therefore to include all wrongdoing. However, its use in the King James Bible retains some of this earlier distinction. And, whereas the word, sin, emphasizes the wrong action itself; the word, iniquity, emphasizes the true character of that wrong action. As Isaiah declares in Isaiah 1:13
, "I cannot away with; it is iniquity." Perhaps one reason the Father could not look on the Son being crucified was because of the iniquity (that is, inequity) of One who had never sinned bearing the sins of many. As Habakkuk 1:13
states, "Thou art of purer eyes than to behold evil, and canst not look on iniquity."

What Does Psalm 51:5 Teach?

By Kyle Pope

One of the main texts used by those in the religious world who teach the doctrine of inherited original sin is Psalm 51:5. The text reads – “Behold, I was brought forth in iniquity, and in sin my mother conceived me” (NKJV). The argument is that David in this Psalm claims to have been born with sin (though the text itself says “in sin”). The conclusion from this is that this sin must refer to Adam’s sin which he had inherited, (so they say). Is this argument sound?

What Is The Context?

The context of the passage is clear: David’s anguish over his sin. The Psalm begins with an introductory note claiming – “…A Psalm of David when Nathan the prophet went to him, after he had gone in to Bathsheba.”[1]  In his sorrow over his horrible act of rebelion against God David writes the verse in question.

Key Words

There are four words in the text that are crucial to a sound interpretation:  “in iniquity” and “In sin.”

“In iniquity” – in the Hebrew is BeAvown. Be meaning “in” and Avown meaning - “evil:– fault, iniquity, mischief, punishment (of iniquity), sin” (Strong’s #5771). It is agrued that BeAvown must mean “in a state of iniquity”. This is how the Amplified Bible in their highly prejudicial translation puts it inserting in brackets “…I was brought forth in [a state of] iniquity…” This gives the false impression that “in iniquity” undoubtedly means that David bore the guilt of iniquity.[2]

Psalm 51:5 From Various Translations LITERAL King James Version – “Behold, I was shapen in iniquity; and in sin did my mother conceive me.” American Standard Version– “Behold, I was brought forth in iniquity; and in sin did my mother conceive me.” New American Standard Bible– “Behold, I was brought forth in iniquity, and in sin my mother conceived me.” New King James Version– “Behold, I was brought forth in iniquity, and in sin my mother conceived me.” English Standard Version– “Behold, I was brought forth in iniquity, and in sin did my mother conceived me.” Revised Standard Version– “Behold, I was brought forth in iniquity, and in sin did my mother conceive me.” ANCIENT Brenton Version (From the Septuagint) – “For, behold, I was conceived in iniquities, and in sins did my mother conceive me” (50:7). Douay Version (From the Vulgate) – “For behold, I was conceived in iniquities: and in sins did my mother conceive me” (50:7). BIASED New International Version – “Surely I have been a sinner from birth, sinful from the time my mother conceived me.” Today’s English Version – “I have been evil from the time I was born; from the day of birth I have been sinful.” Jerusalem Bible – “You know I was born guilty, a sinner from the moment of conception.” Amplified Bible – “Behold, I was brought forth in [a state of] iniquity; my mother was sinful who conceived me [and I, too, am sinful].”

Consider another text where BeAvown is used: Genesis 19:15 records the warning to Lot to leave Sodom – “…lest thou be consumed in the iniquity (BeAvown) of the city” (ASV). This is not saying that Lot bore iniquity himself, but rather that he was “in the midst of iniquity”. This may well be the very thing that David is saying. He was born into a sinful world, and he has followed its pattern of sinfulness.

“In sin” – in the last part of the verse seems clearly to refer to the condition of David’s mother. The Greek Septuagint uses plural forms of both the word for “iniquity” and “sin” thus literally “in iniquities” and “in sins”. That could not be referring to Adam’s single act of disobedience in the garden.3[3] This is not to suggest that David’s birth came from an adulterous relationship on his mother’s part, but simply the fact that even his own mother (a universal symbol of purity) was subject to sin.

The Full Witness of Scripture

We should note that nowhere in the Old Testament is it explicitly stated that Adam’s sin was passed down! One would think that if Adam’s sin had such a monumental effect on his posterity it would at least be eluded to in the account of his sin. Yet all that is declared is: 1.) Adam and his wife were cast from Eden - Genesis 3:23. 2.) This deprived them of the tree of life (which deprived them of unending physical life) - Genesis 3:22. 3.) The man was cursed with having to work for food - Genesis 3:17-19. And 4.) The woman was cursed with pain in child birth and submission to man - Genesis 3:16.

The New Testament deals more explictly with the effect Adam’s sin had on mankind. I Corinthians 15:22 declares – “For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ all shall be made alive”(NKJV). In the context of explaining the reality of the resurrection Paul simply describes the effect of Adam’s sin – physical death.[4] Romans 5:12 describes a different effect of Adam’s sin claiming – “Therefore, just as through one man sin entered the world, and death through sin, and thus death spread to all men, because all sinned.” There is little question (from the context) that this refers to spiritual death, yet how does the text say this death was passed? Through imitating Adam’s example of sin! Notice – “…thus death spread to all men, BECAUSE ALL SINNED” (Emphasis Mine).

Finally there is one very simple passage of Scripture which must be harmonized with Psalm 51:5 – Ezekiel 18:20. The pssage reads – “The soul who sins shall die. The son shall not bear the guilt of the father, nor the father bear the guilt of the son…” There is no way that the doctrine of inherited original sin can be true if this passage is also true!

Conclusion What David is saying is simple. In his grief over his own sin he lamets the very condition of the world into which he was born. He was born into a world plagued by sin and even his own mother is not free from its in- fluence. An entire system of thought has been built on a faulty and speculative interpretation of a very simple idea.    

---

[1] These introductory statements at the beginning of the Psalms are often taken to be human additions. However, this conclusion is difficult to accept with any certainty given that these notes are included within the Hebrew text on which all translations are based, as well as the Greek Septuagint (c. 200 BC) and the Latin Vulgate (c. 400 AD) translations.

[2] We should note that the preface to the Amplified Bible admits that words in the brackets – “contain …comments, whether implied or not, which are not actually expressed in the immediate original text…” (Explanation of Arbitrary Punctuation Marks, xv, Zondervan, 1962).

[3] The Septuagint is simply a human translation, so it does not offer any definitive proof, yet it does show us how Jews before the time of Christ understood this verse.

[4] Since Adam was denied access to the tree of life he died, as have all his posterity who were deprived with him - Genesis 3:22.]

THREE KINDS OF SIN.....

"THREE KINDS OF SIN"


In the Old Testament, there is one interesting scripture that enlightens us when it comes to the meaning of the word sin. It contains 3 different “sins” all in one paragraph! These are in fact, the 3 different “categories” of sin that can be committed against God. To help us understand those 3 categories…imagine in our modern world what the penalties would be if you:

1. Ran a stop light (misdemeanor)

2. Committed a murder (capitol crime)

3. Committed treason against your country (treason)


Let's examine Exodus 34:7 closely, to see more clearly the differences between the words iniquity, transgression and sin, which are all used in one place here.

“Keeping mercy for thousands, forgiving iniquity (5771) andtransgression (6586) and sin, (2403) and that will by no means clear the guilty; visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children, and upon the children's children, unto the third and to the fourth generation.” KJV

How exactly do these 3 words differ?

1. Sin is from ----“chatta’ah,” meaning habitual sins of human frailty. These are what we might even call misdemeanors. It has to do with "missing the mark." This Hebrew word Chait means an "error or mistake," but nothing that cannot be fixed. To get the real feeling for the meaning of this word sin, read this short piece written by a Jewish Rabbi. "Sin is Not What it Seems." Just hit your back button when you have finished and come back to read about the other two VERY SERIOUS sins in this verse containing 3 kinds of sins.

2. The word Iniquity comes next and it is from “Avon,” meaning capitol sins or capitol crimes of perversity or evil…such as murder or idolatry. There was a death penalty for these sins.

3. Transgression is from---- “Pesha,” This was the worst of all. It also had a death penalty. It meant to "break away from authority." It is the sin of open and knowing revolt....against God and His governmental structure...

It is the sin of "rebellion against God," which at the end of the day, is really the worst sin of all because it is willful sin, which is never repented of...better known as the unpardonable sin of the New Testament. This sin is not unpardonable because God refuses to forgive. It is only unpardonable because it is based upon a deep spirit of willful permanent rebellion.

Anciently, the daily animal sacrifices only covered “chatta’ah”offences which were the "human frailty sins" or missing the mark sins that we all commit sometimes, but no way did they cover “Avon” or "Pesha" offences which were willful capitol crimes.

Most people don't realize it, but in the Old Testament, the animal sacrifices did not cover the more serious sin of iniquity on a daily type of basis. (Murder, adultery, etc...) Nor did animal sacrifices cover the sin of rebellion on a daily basis. These had a stronger penalty than an animal sacrifice. This is why David, after he committed adultery with Bathsheba and murder said,

“You did not desire sacrifice, else would I give it.”

The iniquity of adultery and murder which David had committed were not something covered by animal sacrifice. You could not take a dove down to the temple for murder! There was a death penalty in ancient Israel for capitol offences such as these.

But God had a greater purpose for David and when David confessed His sins to God and repented deeply…he was forgiven. God still required that David pay for his sin with the loss of the baby he and Bathsheba had. Here's the point, we don’t just get forgiveness from God and that be the end of it. God's final goal is to get us to REPENT OF ALL SIN!


Grace from God is not a free license to sin....otherwise how do we explain certain sins in Revelation 21:8 which are committed by those who are thrown in the Lake of Fire and experience the second death? Also, Paul listed certain types of sins as being the ones which keep people out of the Kingdom of God. He said,

“Do you not know that the unrighteous will not inherit the kingdom of God?" He continues to say, "Do not be deceived. Neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor homosexuals, nor sodomites, nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners will inherit the kingdom of God.” 1 Corinthians 6:8-10

Our own situation with God concerning sin, is just like it was with David when he sinned. Had David not repented, he would not have received forgiveness from God at all. Forgiveness (grace) came BECAUSE He repented. Even Paul himself had committed "murders." It's true. Before God called him, Paul was the reason that a lot of Christians were dragged off and executed. The eloquent Stephen was one of the martyrs that Paul stood by and saw murdered at his behest. He didn't kill him with his own bare hands, but those that killed Stephen laid their coats at Paul's feet. A symbolic gesture indeed! Yet, we know that Paul will be in the kingdom of God. WHY??? Because, he repented. Like David, He did not continue to repeat his old bad behavior and sins.

It is the repeat offenders that refuse to repent that are in big trouble, especially after they understand the truth. People who are converted and have the Holy Spirit and continue to commit such sins as idolatry, fornication, adultery, homosexuality, and even chronic covetousness (the lust that drives all sins) are not OK with God just because they simply say, "I'm sorry" and then keep on doing those things! We have to stop sinning before we can get grace or pardon. (forgiveness)

Grace cannot save the chronic offender...otherwise all these sins Paul was talking about in the scripture above could not keep us out of the kingdom of God! We know that Paul is talking about people being kept out of the kingdom of God because of chronic sins. They won't stop murdering, they won't stop committing adultery, etc… from all this we see that grace does not apply to the chronic unrepentant rebellious sinner.

Thus we see, that Christ's sacrifice does not cover these two worst kinds of sins (capitol crimes against God and rebellion) on a daily basis anymore than the daily animal sacrifices covered them in the Old Testament. In other words, don't be doing murder on a daily basis and expect forgiveness from God.

----Yet, there is an annual Atonement for physical Israelites where the blood of a sacrificial goat in ancient Israel could cover all 3 types of sins. That didn't mean that they didn't have to pay for their crimes, but they did have forgiveness from God.

For Christian's, or "Spiritual Jews" that annual day of Atonement when all our sins can be covered and we can receive grace for another year comes at Passover.... It is true that all sins can be forgiven by God if repented of, but the hard part is getting the sinner to repent first. Thankfully, God is always ready to forgive us when we do repent.


Most importantly to remember is that grace is given to the humble. It is not given to those who are deep down evil such as serial killers or those who are knowingly and blatantly rebellious against God. Grace is given to those who want to repent and are struggling against their own human weakness, no matter what they have done in the past. The writer of Hebrews gives us the correct view of sin and of grace. The word grace is used 8 times in the book of Hebrews, so we know that the writer was very familiar with the subject. Did you know that we can insult the “Spirit of Grace” by deliberately sinning??? Here's how. The book of Hebrews says,


“If we deliberately keep on sinning after we have received the knowledge of the truth, no sacrifice for sins is left, (DELIBERATE SINNING REMOVES CHRIST'S SACRIFICE) but only a fearful expectation of judgment and of raging fire that will consume the enemies of God. Anyone who rejected the law of Moses died without mercy on the testimony of two or three witnesses. How much more severely do you think a man deserves to be punished who has trampled the Son of God under foot, who has treated as an unholy thing the blood of the covenant that sanctified him, and who has insulted the Spirit of grace?" Hebrews 10:26-31


The writer says that willful or deliberate sinning insults the “Spirit of grace.” How? Because it treats Christ’s blood which was spilled to ratify the New Covenant as an unholy thing! How does it do that? Purposeful rebellion is not covered by Christ's sacrifice nor can it receive grace... Willful sin done with a rebellious attitude is tantamount to rebellion or treason against God. If willful sinners have full knowledge of God and what He requires of them and yet, they have a rebellious attitude---then they have entered the dangerous area called "the unpardonable sin." It is unforgivable or unpardonable because it isunrepented of sin or better put---willful sin. Can you reject God's law from your heart and rebel against Him and all His laws and still have a covenant with Him??? It is not possible.


In Hebrews, chapter eight, God describes the New Covenant, which you must be under to receive eternal life. The New Covenant is about repentance.

“...Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah: Not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day when I took them by the hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt; because they continued not in my covenant, and I regarded them not, saith the Lord." He continues to say,

"For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, saith the Lord; I will put my laws into their mind, and write them in their hearts: and I will be to them a God, and they shall be to me a people:” (This pictures repentance of sins and being connected to the true God.)


If we were to ask God for the most important thing that He could possibly give us, it would not be for a single incidence of grace but it would be for a repentant heart and that He write His law in our hearts and in our minds----because that my friend, is the New Covenant...and you cannot be saved without it.





THE CHURCHES OF GOD

Sin Transgression Iniquity-偏差 过犯 邪恶

邹光导读：
先辈译经家基本未区分Sin， Transgression， Iniquity三个词的汉语翻译，常用“罪，罪过，罪孽，罪恶”表达，然后又把“罪，罪过，罪孽，罪恶”称为“罪”造成概念的混淆，其实这三词还是有区别的，现尝试用"偏差"译Sin， 用“过犯”译Transgression，用“邪恶”译 Iniquity，做些探索，希望一些热衷探讨圣经汉译话题的弟兄姐妹喜欢。




作者：Servant of Messiah Ministries
翻译：邹光

Daniel 9:24 “Seventy weeks are determined upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up the vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most Holy.”

但以理书 9：24
为你本国之民和你圣城，已经定了七十个星期。要止住过犯，结束偏离，弃绝邪恶，与神和好，彰显永恒的正义，封住异象和预言，并膏至圣者。


Exodus 34 v7 And the LORD passed before him and proclaimed, “The LORD, the LORD God, merciful and gracious, long-suffering, and abounding in goodness and truth, keeping mercy for thousands, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin, by no means clearing the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children and the children’s children to the third and the fourth generation.”

出埃及记34：6-7

34：6耶和华在他面前宣告说，耶和华，耶和华，是有怜悯有恩典有耐心的神，并有丰盛的慈爱和诚实。
34：7为千万人存留慈爱，宽恕邪恶，过犯，和偏差，万不以有罪的为无罪，必追查他的邪恶，自父及子，直到三，四代。


This indicates that sin, transgression and iniquity are different in some way. In fact, they represent increasing levels of falling “short of the glory of God” (Romans 3:23).

这说明偏差，过犯和邪恶在有些方面是不同的，它们反映了在“亏缺了神的荣耀”程度上的增加（罗马书3：23）。



We can see from Leviticus 16:21 and the Strong’s Numbers associated with the King James translation that these are indeed three different words.

我们从利未记16章21节和与KJV版有关的斯特朗编号可看出它们的确是三个不同的词。

Leviticus 16:21 and Aaron shall lay both his hands upon the head of the live goat, and confess over him all the iniquities (H= 5771) of the children of Israel, and all their transgressions, (H = 6588)even all their sins; (H = 2403) and he shall put them upon the head of the goat, and shall send him away by the hand of a man that is in readiness into the wilderness:

利未记16章21节
两手按在羊头上，承认以色列人诸般的邪恶 (H= 5771)过犯 (H = 6588)，及他们一切的偏差(H = 2403)，把这些都归在羊的头上，藉着所派之人的手，送到旷野去。

DEFINITIONS OF SIN
偏差的定义

Strong’s Dictionary: H2403 (Sin): an offense [i.e. a single event] – · Sin is anything that comes short of the glory of God
斯特朗字典：H2403(Sin): 一次冒犯[就是：一次单个事件]-任何亏缺神的荣耀的事都是偏差。


The English word for “Sin” comes from archery. The archer would shoot at the target. If he missed the mark, the overseeing official would yell “SIN.”

英文词“Sin"是射箭术语，弓箭手是要射中靶心，如果他未打中靶心，负责监督的官员就会喊“偏了。”

Romans 3:23 “For all have sinned and come short of the glory of God.”

罗马书第三章23节“因为所有人都有偏差，亏缺了神的荣耀。”

Hebrew Meaning of Sin: 1) Slipping away from where you should be. 2) Erring from the path on which God’s put you. 3) You are not achieving a standard that God has set. 4) Missing the mark or the path.

"偏差Sin"的希伯来文意思：1）从你应该在的地方滑离。2）走错了路，未走神为你设定的路。
3）你未达到神为你设定的标准。4）偏离靶心或道路。

Greek Meaning of Sin:
1) A missing of the mark.
2) An act of disobedience to the divine Lord.
3) Sin is not too deep seated if it is not linked with an iniquity.
3) Sin is more on top of the skin.

"偏差Sin"的希腊文意思：
1）一次偏离靶心
2）一次不顺服神的行为
3）如果偏差不与邪恶相联，它不是很深的。
4）偏差象是在皮肤的表层。

Sin — “The voluntary departure of a moral agent from a known rule of rectitude or duty, prescribed by God; any voluntary transgression of the divine law, or violation of a divine command.

偏差-偏离神所定立的有关正义和责任的道德规范及条文；任何对神律法的践踏和对神诫命的违背。

Sin is either a negative act in which a known divine law is violated, or it is the voluntary neglect to obey a positive divine command, or a rule of duty clearly implied in such command. Sin comprehends not actions only, but neglect of known duty, all evil thoughts, purposes, words and desires, whatever is contrary to God’s commands or law.”

偏差一个违反已知神的律法的负面行动，或是不遵守一个正面的神的诫命，或一项责任，这责任清晰地隐含在这些诫命中。偏差包含的不只是行动，还包括忽视已知的责任，所有邪恶的思想，目的，语言和欲望，及任何一种违反神的诫命或律法的事。
Bible Definitions of Sin:
偏差的圣经定义

I John 3:4 “Whosoever commits sin transgresses also the law; for sin is the transgression of the law” (Quoted Numbers 5:6).
 约翰一书3：4
 “凡出偏差的，就是违背律法。违背律法就是偏差。”（参见民数记5：6）

I John 5:17 “All unrighteousness is sin:” (unrighteousness— cf. Romans 6:13,18,20).
约翰一书5:17
“凡不义的事都是偏差。”（不义-比较 罗马书：13，18，20）

Romans 14:23 “Whatsoever is not of faith is sin.”
罗马书：14：23
凡不出于信心的都是偏差。

Proverbs 24:9 “The thought of foolishness is sin…”
箴言24：9
“愚蠢的想法是偏差。”

Psalms 78:32 “For all this they sinned still, and believed. not for his wondrous works” (unbelief— quoted Deuteronomy 1:41).
诗篇78：32
虽是这样，他们仍旧有偏差，不信他奇妙的作为。（不信-参见申命记1：41）

James 4:17 “[T]o him that knows to do good, and doeth it not, to him it is sin” (omission— cf. Genesis 20:9; Leviticus 5:1).
 雅各书4：17
人若知道做好事，却不去做，这就是他的偏差了。（不作为-比较创世纪20：9；利未记5：1）

Willful Sin:
故意出的偏差

Hebrews 10:26 “For if we sin willfully… there remains no more sacrifice for sins,”

希伯来书10：26
因为我们得知真道以后，若故意出偏差，赎偏的祭就再没有了。

Sins of Ignorance:
因无知而出的偏差

Leviticus 4:13 “And if the whole congregation of Israel sin through ignorance, and the thing be hid from the eyes of the assembly, and they have done somewhat against any of the commandments of the Lord…”
利未记4：13
以色列全会众若行了耶和华所吩咐不可行的什么事，因无知而出的偏差，是隐而未现，会众看不出来的，

Leviticus 4:2 “[I]f a soul shall sin through ignorance against any of the commandments…”

利未记4：2
你晓谕以色列人说，若有人在耶和华所吩咐不可行的什么事上因无知而出了偏差，

I Samuel 12 v 23 Moreover as for me far be it from me that I should sin against Jehovah in ceasing to pray for you: but I will instruct you in the good and the right way.
撒母耳记上12：23
至于我，断不停止为你们祷告，以致偏离耶和华。我必以善道正路指教你们。

DEFINITIONS TRANSGRESSION.
过犯的定义


Strong’s Dictionary: H6588 (Transgression): a revolt (national, moral or religious); rebellion
斯特朗字典： H6588（过犯）：一次反叛（民族的，道德的或宗教的）；反抗

Repeated sin becomes outright rebellion ”which is as the sin of witchcraft” (1Samuel 15:23) “An evil man seeks only rebellion; therefore a cruel messenger will be sent against him.” (Prov. 17:11)
反复地出偏差变成完全的悖逆“是与行邪术的偏差相等。”（撒母耳记上15：23）  “恶人只寻悖逆，所以必有严厉的使者，奉差攻击他。” （箴言17：11）


Hebrew meaning of Transgression: 1) A willful deviation from, and therefore rebellion against, the path of godly living. Greek meaning of Transgression: To go beyond Overstepping the limits.
希伯来文过犯的意义：1）故意偏离，因此造成抗拒走神所设定的生活之路。希腊文过犯的意义是踏过了界限。

Ephesians 2:1 “And you He made alive, who were dead in trespasses and sins.”

以弗所书2：1
你们死在过犯偏差之中，他叫你们活过来。

Transgression is more powerful and it is a step to more permanent bondage. Transgression is connected to trespass, which is a willful violation of the law.
过犯更加强大，它是走向被更牢固捆绑的一步，过犯与越界有联系，它是故意违反律法。

Transgression— “The act of passing over or beyond any law or rule of moral duty; the violation of a law or known principal of rectitude; breach of command.”
过犯-“践踏律法或道德责任规范；违反律法，或已知的公正原则；违背诫命的行为。”

Bible Definitions of Transgression:
过犯的圣经定义

James 2:11 “[I]f thou kill, thou art become a transgressor of the law.”

雅各书2：11
你就是不奸淫，却杀人，仍是成了犯律法的。

James 2:9 “But if ye have respect to persons, ye commit sin, and are convinced of the law as transgressors.”

雅各书2：9
但你们若按外貌待人，便是出偏差，被律法定为犯法的。

Isaiah 24:5 “The earth also is defiled under the inhabitants thereof; because they have transgressed the laws, changed the ordinance, broken the everlasting covenant.”

以赛亚书24：5
地被其上的居民污秽。因为他们犯了律法，废了律例，背了永约。

DEFINITIONS INIQUITY
邪恶的定义

Strong’s Dictionary: H5771 (Iniquity): perversity, that is, (moral) evil: Thus sin, when repeated against the knowledge of God, becomes transgression which, if it continues long enough,eventually becomes iniquity which perverts the flesh. This perversion changes the DNA/RNA structure of the “flesh” and “beliefs” or “attitudes” resulting in genetic changes that are passed on from generation to generation.
斯特朗字典：H5771（邪恶）：反常，就是，（道德上的）恶：因此当偏差反复抵抗来自神的知识，就会变成过犯，若过犯持续足够长时间，最终就变成邪恶，邪恶会导致肉体反常。这种反常改变了“肉体”的DNA/RNA结构和“信仰”或“态度”，将导致基因的变化而且一代传给一代。

This is the way high blood pressure, alcoholism, sexual perversions, jealousy, anger, fear, etc. are passed down from generation to generation. Racism, Greed, Idolatry run in families.
这就是高血压，酗酒，性倒错，忌妒，易怒，恐惧等等一代传给一代的方式。种族主义，贪婪，拜偶像在家族内部延续也是一样。
Hebrew Meaning of Iniquity: Perverseness, bowed down, twisted, to be bent or crooked, to be wrung out of course.
希伯来文邪恶的意义：反常，弯曲，扭曲，弯或变了形，被拧变了形。

It signifies not merely that which is wrong, but the tendency to do wrong. Iniquities are second nature sins, which drive us to repeatedly, continually commit sin. A perversion of the truth, which leads to error. A perversion of intents, which affects our will. Sin and Transgression are Verbs and things we do: Iniquity is the bent condition of what we are. Iniquity revolves more about the underlying attitudes: Idolatry, Racism, Gluttony, Covetousness, Unrighteousness, wickedness, lawlessness.
邪恶表明不只是错了，而且有做错事的倾向。邪恶是第二特征的偏差，它驱使我们反复地，持续地出偏差。对真理的歪曲，将导致出错。对意图的扭曲，将影响我们的意志。出偏差是动词形式，过犯是我们做的有偏差的事，邪恶是指我们扭曲的状态。邪恶更多地围绕着以下状态：拜偶像，种族主义，贪吃，贪婪，不义，不道德，无法无天。
Iniquity — “Injustice; unrighteousness; a deviation from rectitude…. want of rectitude in principal…. wickedness; or any act of injustice.”
邪恶-“不公正，不义，从正义的偏离。。。本质里缺乏正义。。。不道德；或任何不公义的行动。”
Understanding Iniquity:
理解邪恶
Iniquity is an attitude so cannot just be covered over with blood. It must be taken away and replaced.. David prayed for a new heart and a right Spirit.
邪恶是一种心态，所以不能够被血遮盖。它必须被清除或被替换。大卫祷告，望神赐下一颗新造的心和一个正直的灵。

Isaiah 53:5 “He was bruised for our iniquities.” Iniquities are not superficial. They are under the skin; they are deeply embedded. Bruises and iniquities have to be healed by the blood.
以赛亚书53：5“他为我们的邪恶受瘀伤。”邪恶不是表面的。它们是在皮肤底层的；它们深深地嵌入身体里，瘀伤和邪恶必须用血治疗。


Ezekiel 28:15-18 You were perfect in your ways from the day you were created, till iniquity was found in you. By the abundance of your trading You became filled with violence within, and you sinned. Your heart was lifted up because of your beauty; you corrupted your wisdom for the sake of your splendor. You defiled your sanctuaries by the multitude of your iniquities, by the iniquity of your trading.” Satan was perfect until iniquity was found in him.

以西结书28:15-18
28:15    你从受造之日所行的都完美，后来在你中间又察出邪恶。
28:16    因你贸易很多，就被暴力充满，以致出偏差。
28:17    你因美丽心中高傲，又因荣光败坏智慧。
28:18    你的圣所被你众多的邪恶，被你贸易中的邪恶亵渎了。
撒但在被发现邪恶以前是完美的。

Another definition for iniquity can be the besetting sins. Hebrews 12:1 – “The sins that so easily beset us.”
邪恶的另外一个定义可以是缠累人的偏差。希伯来书12：1-“容易缠累我们的偏差。”

Sin is having chain around your ankle, which constantly hinders you. Sin trips us up, causes us to slip, to err, and to just miss the mark. Iniquity defiles our character. It gives us a crooked arrow to start with.
偏差是铐住我们脚踝的锁链，它不停地阻碍我们。偏差羁绊我们，使我们滑倒，出错，和偏离靶心。邪恶败坏我们的性格。一开始，它就给我们一只弯曲的箭。

Exodus 20:5 Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me;
The progression from sin, to transgression, to iniquity (bondage in that particular area) is illustrated , in James 1:15: Then, when desire has conceived, it gives birth to sin; and sin, when it is full-grown, brings forth death.
出埃及记20:5    不可跪拜那些像，也不可事奉它，因为我耶和华你的神是忌邪的神。恨我的，我必追查他的邪恶，自父及子，直到三四代，
在雅各书1：15中描述了从偏差，到过犯，到邪恶（在某特定领域的捆绑）：   私欲既怀了胎，就生出偏差来。偏差既长成，就生出死来。

Proverbs 5:22 “The iniquities of the wicked ensnare him.” There is a sin that becomes like cords which wrap around you. You get caught in the entanglement and just cannot break free. These cords are cords of iniquity.
箴言5:22    "恶人必被自己的邪恶捉住。"偏差象绳索一样缠绕你，你被捆绑，不能挣脱。这些绳索就是邪恶的绳索。
Genesis 4:13 “Cain said, “My punishment [iniquity] is greater than I can bear!” This is the first time iniquity appears in the Bible.
4:13   “ 该隐对耶和华说，对我[邪恶]的刑罚太重，过于我所能当的！”这是邪恶第一次出现在圣经里

James 3:6 “The tongue is a fire, a world of iniquity. The tongue is so set among our members that it defiles the whole body.” Many words that we speak can cause roots of iniquity to flourish.
雅各书3:6    “舌头就是火，在我们百体中，舌头是个邪恶的世界，能污秽全身。”我们说的许多话可使邪恶的根长出茂盛的枝叶。

Numbers 18:1 “The LORD said to Aaron: “You and your sons and your father’s house with you shall bear the iniquity related to the sanctuary, and you and your sons with you shall bear the iniquity associated with your priesthood.”

民数记18:1    耶和华对亚伦说，你和你的儿子，并你本族的人，要一同担当干犯圣所的邪恶。你和你的儿子也要一同担当干犯祭司职任的邪恶。


This shows the responsibility of the priests regarding iniquity. As His priests, we need to deal with iniquity that comes into our holy temple and hinders us.
这显示牧师对邪恶的责任。我们必须处理进入我们圣殿和阻碍我们的邪恶。

Bible Definitions of Iniquity:
邪恶的圣经定义

Psalms 36:2 “For he flatters himself in his own eyes, until his iniquity be found to be hateful.” (hate)
诗篇36:2    他自夸自媚，以为他的邪恶终不显露，不被恨恶。（可恨）

Ezekiel 33:13 “[I]f he trusts to his own righteousness, and commit iniquity… (self righteousness).
33:13    我对义人说，你必定存活。他若倚靠他的义而作邪恶的事，他所行的义都不被记念。他必因所做邪恶的事死亡。（自我为义）

Psalms 28:3 “[T]he workers of iniquity… mischief is in their hearts” (mischief— cf. Psalms 7:14).

诗篇28:3    邪恶的人。。。心里却是奸恶。（奸恶-参见诗篇7：12）
II Samuel 19:19 “[L]et not my lord impute iniquity unto me… thy servant did perversely… (perversion— Ezekiel 9:9; Job 6:30)
撒母耳记下19:19    对王说，我主我王出耶路撒冷的时候，仆人行悖逆的事，现在求我主不要认为我是邪恶的。。。（悖逆-以西结书9：9，约伯记6：30）

Ezekiel 18:24 “But when the righteous turns away from his righteousness, and commits iniquity…” (unrighteousness— cf. Ezekiel 3:20).
 以西结书18:24    义人若转离义行而作邪恶的事，(不义-参见 以西结书3：20）

Daniel 9:5 “And have committed iniquity… and have rebelled…” (rebellion).
但以理书9:5    “作邪恶的事。。。叛逆。。。”（叛逆）

Hosea 9:9 “They have deeply corrupted themselves… he will remember their iniquity…” (corruption).
何西阿书9:9   “ 以法莲深深地败坏。。。耶和华必记住他们的邪恶。。。”（败坏）

Ezekiel 18:18 “Because he cruelly oppressed… he shall die in his iniquity” (oppression).
以西结书18：18“因为欺人太甚。。。他必因自己的邪恶死亡。。。”（欺压）

Hosea 5:5“ the pride of Israel doth testify to his face: therefore shall Israel and Ephraim fall in their iniquity…” (pride).
何西阿书5：5以色列的骄傲当面见证自己。故此，以色列和以法莲必因自己的邪恶跌倒，犹大也必与他们一同跌倒。

Leviticus 26:43 Iniquity: because, even because they despised my judgments…” (cf. Numbers 15:31).
利未记26:43 邪恶： 因为他们甚至藐视我（神）的判决。。。（参见民数记15：31）


I Samuel 3:13 I will judge his house for ever for the iniquity which he knows; because his sons made themselves vile…” (Vileness)
撒母耳记上3:13    我曾告诉他必永远降罚与他的家，因他知道儿子卑鄙，自招咒诅，却不禁止他们。（卑鄙）

I Samuel 15:23 “Stubbornness is as iniquity…” (Stubbornness).
撒母耳记上15：23“顽固的邪恶程度与拜虚神和偶像的邪恶程度相同”（顽固）

Isaiah 32:6 The vile person… his heart will work iniquity, to practice hypocrisy…” (hypocrisy).
32:6    因为卑鄙人，必说卑鄙话，心里想作邪恶的事，惯行伪善，说错谬的话，攻击耶和华，使饥饿的人，无食可吃，使口渴的人，无水可喝。（伪善）

OBSERVATIONS
评论
Sins can be both voluntary (willful) and involuntary (sins of ignorance).
偏差既可能是有意的（故意的），也可能是无意的（因无知而出的偏差）
Any transgression is sin.
所有过犯都是偏差。
A transgression always involves God’s law.
任何一个过犯都与神的律法有关。
Sin does not always involve a transgression of God’s law (Proverbs 24:9; Leviticus 16:16).
不是每一个偏差都与违反神的律法有关

（箴言24：9 The thought of foolishness is sin:   愚蠢的想法是偏差；

利未记16：16  And he shall make an atonement for the holy place, because of the uncleanness of the children of Israel, and because of their transgressions in all their sins: and so shall he do for the tabernacle of the congregation, that remaineth among them in the midst of their uncleanness.
 他因以色列人诸般的污秽，和因偏差而产生的过犯，当这样在圣所作赎祭，并因会幕在他们污秽之中，也要照样而行。）

One can be a sinner or a transgressor, but not an “iniquitor.” (Iniquity is a noun not a verb).
一个人可以是一个有偏差的人和一个有过犯的人，但可以不是一个邪恶的人
There is no offering under the law for iniquity.
在律法下，为除去邪恶而献的祭是没有的。
There are distinct differences between the three words (Isaiah 1:28, Exodus 34:7).
这三个词有显著的不同（以赛亚书1：28，出埃及记34：7）

（以赛亚书1：28 And the destruction of the transgressors and of the sinners shall be together, and they that forsake the LORD shall be consumed.
有过犯的，有偏差的，必一同败亡，离弃耶和华的，必致消灭。
出埃及记34：73 Keeping mercy for thousands, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin, and that will by no means clear the guilty; visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children, and upon the children's children, unto the third and to the fourth generation. 为千万人存留慈爱，宽恕邪恶，过犯，和偏差，万不以有罪的为无罪，必追查他的邪恶，自父及子，直到三，四代。）

There are overlapping areas of the three words.
这三个词有互相重叠的部分。
Sin corresponds primarily with the soul and mind.
偏差主要对应魂和意识。
Transgression corresponds with the body and actions.
过犯对应身体和行动。
Iniquity corresponds primarily with the spirit, and attitude.
邪恶主要对应灵和态度。


BODY, SOUL AND SPIRIT
体，魂和灵

I Thessalonians 5:23 “And the very God of peace sanctify you wholly; and I pray God your whole spirit and soul and body be preserved blameless unto the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.”
 帖撒罗尼迦前书5:23    愿赐平安的神，亲自使你们全然成圣。又愿你们的灵，与魂，与身子，得蒙保守，在我主耶稣基督降临的时候，完全无可指责。

Notice the divisions in this verse— (1) spirit (2) soul and (3) body. A similar division shows up in Hebrews. Hebrews 4:12 “For the word of God is quick, and powerful, and sharper than any two-edged sword, piercing even to the dividing asunder of soul and spirit, and of the joints and marrow, and is a discerner of the thoughts and intents of the heart.”
请注意这句的分类法-（1）灵（2）魂（3）体。在希伯来书中也有类似的划分。
希伯来书4:12    神的道是活泼的，是有功效的，比一切两刃的剑更快，甚至魂与灵，骨节与骨髓，都能刺入剖开，连心中的思念和主意，都能辨明。

The spirit is the part of man that gives him God consciousness through his mind (Ephesians 4:23). The soul is where the Flesh (body) interacts with the Spirit creating desires and emotions.
灵是人的一部分，它通过意识，给人属神的良心。（以弗所书4:23  And be renewed in the spirit of your mind;  又要将你们的心志改换一新。）
魂是肉体与灵相互作用的部位，它可产生欲望和情绪。

Iniquity / Attitude.
邪恶/态度
The thing to bear in mind here is that “iniquitors” (noun) in this sense hate God (Exodus 20:5) and God hates the workers of iniquity (Psalms 5:5) and anything to do with covetousness and idolatry (Deuteronomy 16:22). Where sin and transgression deal primarily with tangible violations, iniquity on the other hand leans toward the intangible. Attitude is an intangible spiritual entity that not only is hard to define but is even harder, if not next to impossible, to govern by written laws, ordinances and statutes. By definition attitude is a state of mind or feeling with regard to some matter; disposition. Attitude subsequently would be hard to legislate which may explain, at least in part, why there was no offering for iniquity under biblical law (Ezekiel 42:13; Isaiah 3:14).
“邪恶的人”在此给人头脑中的感觉是他憎恨神（出埃及记20：5）及神憎恨邪恶的人及一切贪婪及拜偶像的事（申命记16：22）。偏差和过犯主要与违反律法的具体的事件有关，邪恶则是无形的。态度是一个无形的精神概念，它很难定义，甚至更难，几乎接近不可能用书面的律法，条文，法规去管理。态度的定义是一种意识或感觉的状态，它与某件事或某种倾向有关。邪恶很难用律法去界定，这也部分解释了为什么在圣经的律法下没有为去除邪恶而献的祭。

Isaiah 57:17 “For the iniquity of his covetousness was I wroth, and smote him…”
以赛亚书57:17    因他贪婪的邪恶性，我就发怒击打他。我向他掩面发怒，他却仍然随心背道。

Psalms 32:5 “I acknowledged my sin unto thee, and mine iniquity have I not hid. I said, I will confess my transgression unto the LORD; and thou forgave the iniquity of my sin. Selah.”

诗篇32:5    我向你陈明我的偏差，不隐瞒我的邪恶。我说，我要向耶和华承认我的过犯，你就宽恕我因偏差而导致的邪恶。（细拉）

Leviticus 22:16 “Or suffer them to bear the iniquity of trespass…”
利未记22:16    免得他们在吃圣物上承担因过犯致邪恶而招的惩罚，因为我是叫他们成圣的耶和华。

Psalms 59:5 “Be not merciful to any wicked transgressors…”
诗篇59：5 “不要怜悯行诡诈的违法者。”

Psalms 64:6 “They search out iniquities… the inward thought of every one of them…”

诗篇64:6    他们图谋邪恶，说，我们是极力图谋的。他们各人的意念心思是深的。

Isaiah 57:17 spoke of the iniquity of his covetousness and Psalms 52:5 records the iniquity of his sin, which indicates a certain attitude involved with the particular sin. Psalms 64:6 defines attitude as the inward thought.
以赛亚书57：17说到贪婪的邪恶性，诗篇52：5记录他偏差的邪恶性，这邪恶性的说法表明对某特定偏差的某种态度。

Iniquity / Heart

邪恶/心灵
Iniquity, as revealed through the study of attitude, and is definitely in relation to man’s heart.
邪恶，正如通过对态度的的研究所揭示，肯定与人的心灵有关。

Ephesians 5:5 Covetous man, who is an idolater…”
以弗所书5:5    因为你们确实的知道，无论是淫乱的，是污秽的，是有贪心的，在基督和神的国里，都是无分的。有贪心的，就与拜偶像的一样。

Isaiah 57:17 “For the iniquity of his covetousness was I wroth, and smote him… (cf. Isaiah 59:7)
以赛亚书57：17    因他贪婪的邪恶性，我就发怒击打他。我向他掩面发怒，他却仍然随心背道。（参阅以赛亚书59：7）

Psalms 28:3 “Draw me not away with the wicked, and with the workers of iniquity, which speak peace to their neighbors, but mischief is in their hearts.”
诗篇28：3不要把我和奸人，并行邪恶的，一同除掉。他们与邻舍说和平话，心里却是奸恶。

Hosea 4:8 “They eat up the sin of my people, and they set their heart on their iniquity.”

何西阿书4:8    他们吃我民的赎偏祭，使我民心向邪恶。

Acts 8:22, 23 “The thought of thine heart… the bond of iniquity.”

使徒行传8:22你当懊悔你这罪恶，祈求主。或者你心里的意念可得赦免。  8： 23我看出你正在苦胆之中，被邪恶捆绑。

Jeremiah 4:18 “Thy way and thy doings have procured these things unto thee; this is thy wickedness, because it is bitter, because it reacheth unto thine heart."
 Psalms 41:6 “His heart gathers iniquity to itself…”
耶利米书4:18    你的行动，你的作为，招惹这事。这是你恶毒的结果，实在是苦，是害及你心了。
诗篇41:6    他来看我，就说假话。他心存邪恶，走到外边才说出来。
Psalms 141:4 “Incline not my heart to any evil thing, to practice wicked works with men that work iniquity:”
诗篇141:4    求你不叫我的心，偏向邪恶，以致我和邪恶的人同行恶事。也不叫我吃他们的美食。

Psalms 64:6 “They search out iniquities; they accomplish a diligent search: both the inward thought of every one of them, and the heart, is deep.”
诗篇64:6    他们图谋邪恶，说，我们是极力图谋的。他们各人的意念心思是深的。

Leviticus 26:41 “If then their uncircumcised hearts be humbled, and they then accept of the punishment of their iniquity:”

利未记26:41  “ 那时，如果他们未受割礼的心若谦卑了，他们也服了对邪恶的惩罚，”
Isaiah 32:6 “For the vile person will speak villainy and his heart will work iniquity… ”
以赛亚书32:6   " 因为卑鄙人，必说卑鄙话，心里想作邪恶的事，。。。"
Ezekiel 14:4 “Every man of the house of Israel that sets his idols in his heart, and puts the stumbling block of his iniquity before his face…”
以西结书14:4 “ 以色列家的人中，凡将他的假神接到心里，把邪恶的绊脚石放在面前，”
II Samuel 24:10 “And David’s heart smote him… I have sinned greatly… take away the iniquity of thy servant…”
撒母耳记下24:10    大卫数点百姓以后，就心中自责，祷告耶和华说，我行这事有巨大偏差了。耶和华阿，求你除掉仆人的邪恶，因我所行的甚是愚昧。

Iniquity / Spirit
邪恶/灵

Iniquity appears to have a distinct relationship to man’s spirit: Iniquity is tied to the Spirit of man.
邪恶明显的与人的灵紧密相连.

Psalms 32:2 “Blessed is the man unto whom the LORD imputes no iniquity, and in whose spirit there is no guile.”
诗篇32:2    凡灵里没有诡诈，耶和华不算为邪恶的，这人是有福的。

II Thessalonians 2:7 “For the mystery of iniquity doth already work…”
帖撒罗尼迦后书2:7    因为那邪恶的隐意已经发动。

Isaiah 64:6 “Our iniquities, like the wind, have taken us away…”
以赛亚书64:6    我们都像不洁净的人，所有的义都像污秽的衣服。我们都像叶子渐渐枯乾。我们的邪恶好像风把我们吹去。

II Corinthians 7:1 “Let us cleanse ourselves from all filthiness of the flesh and spirit…”
7:1    亲爱的弟兄阿，我们既有这等应许，就当洁净自己，除去身体灵里一切的污秽，敬畏神，得以成圣。

Iniquity / Collective
邪恶/集体

Iniquity and its plural show up over 300 times in scripture. Approximately 70% of its usage is applied to a collective body of people such as a group, congregation, city or nation:
在圣经里，邪恶及其复数形式出现超过三百次。大约70%用于人的群体，比如一个小组，教堂会众，城市，或民族。

Leviticus 10:17 “The iniquity of the congregation…”
利未记10:17    这赎偏祭是至圣的，主又给了你们，为要你们担当对会众邪恶的惩罚，在耶和华面前为他们作补偿，你们为何没有在圣所吃呢。

Leviticus 16:21 “All the iniquities of the children of Israel…”
利未记16:21     两手按在羊头上，承认以色列人诸般的邪恶，和偏差中的过犯，把这些都归在羊的头上，藉着所派之人的手，送到旷野去。
Genesis 15:16 “The iniquity of the Amorites is not yet full.”
创世记15:16    到了第四代，他们必回到此地，因为亚摩利人的邪恶还没有满盈。

Ezekiel 18:30 “I will judge you, O house of Israel, … so iniquity shall not be your ruin.”
以西结书18:30    所以主耶和华说，以色列家阿，我必按你们各人所行的审判你们。你们当回头离开所犯的一切过犯。这样，邪恶必不使你们败亡。

Jeremiah 16:10 “Thou shall show this people all these words, and they shall say unto thee… what is our iniquity? …”
耶利米书16:10    你将这一切的话指示这百姓。他们问你说，耶和华为什么说，要降这大灾祸攻击我们呢。我们有什么邪恶呢。我们向耶和华我们的神出了什么偏差呢。

Isaiah 1:2,4 “Children, and they have rebelled against me. Ah sinful nation, a people laden with iniquity, children that are corrupters…”
以赛亚书1:2    天哪，要听，地阿，侧耳而听。因为耶和华说，我养育儿女，将他们养大，他们竟悖逆我。
以赛亚书1:4    啊，有偏差的国民，邪恶的百姓，行恶的种类，败坏的儿女。他们离弃耶和华，藐视以色列的圣者，与他生疏，往后退步。

Daniel 9:5 “We have sinned, have committed iniquity, have done wickedly, and have rebelled…”
利未记9:5    我们出偏差作邪恶的事，行恶叛逆，偏离你的诫命典章，

Ezekiel 16:49 “This was the iniquity of thy sister Sodom, pride…”
以西结书16:49    看哪，你妹妹所多玛的邪恶是这样，她和她的众女都心骄气傲，粮食饱足，大享安逸，并没有扶助困苦和穷乏人的手。

A collection of people can have a spirit of rebellion, pride or haughtiness. They are filled with a spirit of stubbornness, hatred or perversion.
一个集体可能有一个叛逆，骄傲或傲慢的灵。这群人个个都充满了一个偏执，仇恨或扭曲的灵。


THE SACRIFICE OF YESHUA.
耶稣的献祭

Isaiah 53 v 5,10 “He was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: ……thou shall make his soul an offering for sin…”
以赛亚书53:3    他被藐视，被人厌弃，多受痛苦，常经忧患。他被藐视，好像被人掩面不看的一样。我们也不尊重他。
以赛亚书53:10    耶和华却定意（或作喜悦）将他压伤，使他受痛苦。耶和华以他为赎偏祭。（或作他献本身为赎偏祭）他必看见后裔，并且延长年日，耶和华所喜悦的事，必在他手中亨通。

Sin— Soul
偏差-魂

Transgression— Body
过犯-体

Iniquity— Spirit
邪恶-灵

God the Father made Yeshua’s soul an offering for sin. Our Soul is the Battle ground between the Spirit and the Flesh where our emotions and desires are born.
天父上帝把耶稣的魂作赎偏祭。我们的魂是我们的灵与肉争战的战场，我们的魂是我们的情绪和欲望产生的地方。

Isaiah 53V 5 – says that he was wounded for our transgressions. A wound, by definition, is a break in the skin. A transgression, by definition, is a break in the law (James 2:11). This is visible to all.
以赛亚书53：5说他因我们的过犯而有伤口。伤口，顾名思义，就是撕裂了皮肤。过犯，顾名思义，就是践踏了律法（雅各书2：11）。这是所有人都可看见的。

Isaiah 53V 5 – The Lord was bruised for our Iniquities. A bruise is not a break in the skin but rather a general area of discoloration under the skin. It is not seen as are our attitudes. This fits the term iniquity as a general attitude or spirit of a collective people (Psalms 32:2; Leviticus 10:17).
以赛亚书53：5-主因我们的邪恶而有瘀伤。瘀伤不是皮肤裂开，而是皮下组织变成了青紫色。我们的态度是看不见的。这很适合邪恶这个术语是一种总体态度或一群人的灵（诗篇32：2；利未记10：17）

The Sacrifice of Yeshua was complete. Like the two goats of Atonement –He covered sin and he was the lamb that takes away the sin of the world. Total dealings with our sins, iniquities and transgressions. All three had to be accounted for, for our salvation to be complete (Colossians 2:9).
耶稣的献祭是完全的。像两只山羊的赎祭-他遮盖偏差，他是消除世界偏差的羔羊。我们所有的偏差，邪恶和过犯都被处理了。这三者必须被处理，因为我们的拯救是完全的（歌罗西书2：9）

FORGIVE, PARDON AND BLOT
宽恕，饶恕和涂抹

These three words correspond with sin, iniquity and transgression respectively.
这三个词分别对应偏差，邪恶和过犯。

Forgive— To send an offense away, to reject it and not impute it. This word applies to all three of our words of study in both testaments. It is used in conjunction with sin three times more often than iniquity and transgression combined. By definition forgive talks more about the offense than the offender.
宽恕-抛开冒犯的事，摒弃它，不归罪于它。在新旧约中“宽恕”连用于“偏差，过犯，邪恶”三个词，“宽恕”与“偏差”连用的次数比与"过犯"加"邪恶"连用次数的和的三倍还多。宽恕，从定义上说，对冒犯的事多过对冒犯的人。

Proverbs 30:8 “Remove far from me vanity and lies… feed me with food convenient for me:”
箴言30:8    求你使虚假和谎言远离我。使我也不贫穷，也不富足，赐给我需用的饮食。

Micah 7:19 “Thou wilt cast all their sins into the depths of the sea.”
弥迦书7:19    必再怜悯我们，将我们的邪恶踏在脚下，又将我们的一切偏差投于深海。

Blot Out— To obliterate writing or letters with ink as to render them invisible or indistinguishable.
涂抹-用墨涂抹字迹或文字让它看不见或不能辨认。

Except for one verse (Psalms 51:9), blot is used exclusively in reference to transgression, but never for sins. It, by definition, deals with letters and words linking it directly to the law:
除了一句（诗篇51：9），“涂抹”仅用于“过犯”，从未用于“偏差”。从定义上讲，它和与律法直接相关的文字有关。

Colossians 2:14 “Blotting out the handwriting of ordinances that was against us, which was contrary to us, and took it out of the way, nailing it to his cross.”
歌罗西书2:14    又涂抹了在律例上所写，攻击我们有碍于我们的字据，把他撤去，钉在十字架上。

Psalms 51:1 “Blot out my transgressions.”
诗篇51:1    （大卫与拔示巴同室以候，先知拿单来见他。他作这诗，交与伶长）神阿，求你按你的慈爱怜恤我，按你丰盛的慈悲涂抹我的过犯。

Pardon— To excuse or release the offender from penalty or punishment.
饶恕-原谅或释放一个违法者，使他不受处罚或刑罚。

This word, and all its derivatives, also applies to all our words of concern, but is used three times more with iniquity than it is with the others by themselves. This definition moves from the offense to the offender himself.
这个词及它的衍生词也都应用与“偏差 过犯 邪恶”三个词连用，但它与“邪恶”连用的次数比与
“偏差”和“ 过犯”连用的次数多出三倍。它的定义重点从违法的事转到了违法的人。
Numbers 14:19 “Pardon, I beseech thee, the iniquity of this people according unto the greatness of thy mercy,…”
民数记14:19    求你照你的大慈爱饶恕这邪恶的百姓，好像你从埃及到如今常宽恕他们一样。

Psalms 25:11 “O Lord, pardon mine iniquity; for it is great.”
诗篇25:11    耶和华阿，求你因你的名饶恕邪恶的我，因为我的邪恶重大。

Isaiah 40:2 “Speak ye comfortably to Jerusalem… that her iniquity is pardoned…”
40:2    要对耶路撒冷说安慰的话，又向他宣告说，他争战的日子已满了，她的邪恶饶恕了，她为自己的一切偏差，从耶和华手中加倍受罚。

CONCLUSION
结论

The Lord Jesus Christ will “Finish the transgression, and… make an end of sins, and… make reconciliation for iniquity, and… bring in everlasting righteousness” (Daniel 9:24). This is mans oldest problem


主耶稣要“要止住过犯，结束偏离，弃绝邪恶，与神和好，彰显永义，”（但以理书 9：24）
这是人类的老问题。


Genesis 3 v 6 When the woman saw that the fruit of the
tree was good for food and - Sin
pleasing to the eye, and also – Transgression
desirable for gaining wisdom, – Iniquity
She took some and ate it. She also gave some to her husband, who was with her, and he ate it.

创世纪3:6    于是女人见那棵树的果子好作食物，-偏差
也悦人的眼目，-过犯
且是可喜爱的，能使人有智慧，-邪恶
就摘下果子来吃了。又给她丈夫，她丈夫也吃了。

1 John 2 v 16 For everything in the world
the cravings of sinful man, – Sin
the lust of his eyes and – Transgression
the boastful pride of life - Iniquity
comes not from the Father but from the world.

约翰壹书2:16    因为凡世界上的事，就像肉体的渴望，-偏差
眼目的情欲，-过犯
并今生的骄傲，-邪恶
都不是从父来的，乃是从世界来的。

May “the very God of peace sanctify you wholly; and pray God your whole spirit and soul and body be preserved blameless unto the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.” (I Thessalonians 5:23).
He will save our Spirit, Soul, and body from death.
帖撒罗尼迦前书5:23    愿赐平安的神，亲自使你们全然成圣。又愿你们的灵，与魂，与身子，得蒙保守，在我主耶稣基督降临的时候，完全无可指摘。
他将从死亡中拯救我们的灵，魂，和身体。

原文链接http://servantofmessiah.org/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2011/04/Sin-Transgressions-Iniquity.pdf